Lawyer
An expert in corporate and international corporate law. He has many years of experience in establishing and reorganizing companies, supporting M&A transactions, as well as providing legal support for opening and running a business in the EU, Asia, and North America.
Company Registration in Romania
As in any jurisdiction, choosing the right legal form is an important step in the business registration process, as it determines the level of liability of the owners, the required start-up capital, and legal obligations.
Organizational and legal forms of doing business in Romania:
- SRL (Societate cu Răspundere Limitată) is an analogue of the Ukrainian LLC, the most popular form for small and medium-sized businesses. The founders have limited liability within the limits of their contribution to the authorized capital.
- SA (Societate pe Acțiuni) is a joint-stock company suitable for large enterprises and companies that plan to attract investors through the issuance of shares.
- PFA (Persoană Fizică Autorizată) – a natural person entrepreneur, similar to a sole proprietorship in Ukraine. Suitable for individuals who carry out individual activities.
- Individual Enterprise (II) – an individual enterprise that allows one person to conduct business activities with certain restrictions.
- Întreprindere Familială (IF) – a family enterprise where family members jointly carry out activities without creating a legal entity.
Legislative framework
Currently, the legal aspects of business registration in Romania are regulated by the following regulatory acts:
- Legea nr. 31/1990 privind sociétésile comerciale (Law No. 31/1990 on commercial companies);
- Codul Fiscal al României (Tax Code of Romania);
- Law no. 359/2004 on the simplification of registration formalities in the Trade Register (Law No. 359/2004 on the simplification of registration formalities in the Trade Register);
- Emergency Ordinance No. 44/2008 on the conduct of economic activities by authorized natural persons, individual enterprises and family enterprises (Emergency Ordinance No. 44/2008 on the conduct of economic activities by authorized natural persons, individual enterprises and family enterprises).
Business registration procedure
Regarding the procedure, company registration in Romania goes through the National Trade Registry (ONRC) and includes the following steps:
- Check and reserve a unique company name. The name must be unique and not infringe on intellectual property rights.
- Preparation of statutory documents. The main documents are the memorandum of association and articles of association, which determine the structure and activities of the company.
- Determination of legal address. The company must have a registered office in Romania.
- Opening a bank account and depositing the authorized capital. The minimum capital for an SRL is 500 RON and for an SA it is 90,000 RON.
- Submitting documents to ONRC. Once the application is approved, the company receives a unique identification number (CUI).
- Registration with tax authorities. The company becomes a taxpayer and receives the appropriate numbers for VAT payment (if necessary).
Non-residents can also register a business in Romania, and the process is quite accessible. To do this, they need to provide a passport or other identification document.
After that, they need to obtain a non-resident identification number (NIF – Număr de Identificare Fiscală) from the tax office.
It is mandatory to indicate the local legal address of the company (you can rent or use the services of a virtual office) and appoint a local representative or accountant for tax reporting.
Main aspects of the taxation system
Regarding the taxation system, Romania has a favorable tax system that includes the following main taxes:
- Income tax is – 16% for standard companies.
- Tax for microenterprises is – 1% or 3%, depending on turnover and number of employees.
- VAT (TVA – Taxa pe Valorea Adăugată) – standard rate of 19%, with reduced rates of 9% and 5% for certain goods and services.
- Social contributions and payroll taxes – include social security contributions (CAS) and health insurance contributions (CASS).
At the same time, there is a certain benefit for micro-enterprises in Romania – they can benefit from a reduced tax of 1% of turnover if their annual income does not exceed 60,000 euros (equivalent in lei) and the company has at least one employee.
If a company does not meet these requirements (i.e. exceeds the established turnover rate for the year), the tax rate for microenterprises increases to 3%.
Considering the above, it can be said that business registration in Romania is a simple and affordable process that allows you to conduct business within the EU.
Taking into account legal and tax aspects, entrepreneurs and non-residents can optimize their costs and gain access to the European market.
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1 question
Are you currently in Ukraine?
2 question
Are you currently in Romania?
3 question
Do you need company registration in Romania?
4 question
Do you want to buy a ready-made business in Romania?
5 question
Do you need advice on Romanian taxes?
6 question
Do you need to open a bank account in Romania?
7 question
Do you need a work permit in Romania?
8 question
Do you need to rent an address for a company or a virtual office in Romania?
9 question
Do you need accounting support for a business (firm) in Romania?
10 question
Do you need legal support for a business (firm) in Romania?
11 question
Do you need a legal audit or business due diligence in Romania?
12 question
Do you need marketing support for a business (firm) in Romania?
13 question
Do you need business logistics (transportation services) to Romania?
14 question
Do you need a business loan in Romania?
15 question
Do you need a consultation urgently?
Is it mandatory to have a legal address in Romania?
Yes. During registration, you must provide a document confirming the right to use the premises at the address of the future registered office. For foreign owners, this can be a lease agreement or a legal address service.
Is it necessary to immediately register as a VAT payer?
Not always. The need for VAT registration depends on the planned turnover, type of activity, work with EU clients, imports or exports, and other specifics of the business model. Before launching, it is worth assessing the tax burden and choosing the optimal registration option.
Why shouldn't you just add all possible CAEN codes to the company?
Activity codes affect not only formal registration but also bank compliance, contracts, obtaining permits, and further business scaling. From 2025, the CAEN Rev. 3 classifier is applied in Romania, so the list of codes is better formed according to the actual sources of income and the planned work model.
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during the day
Compensation for moral, material damage
Protection of honour, dignity, and business reputationContract Development for Business and Legal Entities
Licensing of business activities
Compensation for moral, material damage
Legal services in the field of cryptocurrency and blockchain
REGISTRATION OF COMPANIES AND OPENING OF BANK ACCOUNTS
Sale and purchase of ready-made firms
Grants and attracting investment
Business registration and support in Great Britain
Business registration and support in Switzerland
Business registration and support in the EU
Business Registration and Support in the Gulf Countries (GCC)
Business registration and support in Turkey
Business registration and support in USA
Lawyer for administrative cases
Legal services for medical businesses and doctors
Protection of honour, dignity, and business reputation
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Escort of the tender participant
Trial lawyer: support and defense in court
European Court of Human Rights (ECHR)

